Everything about Acid Salt totally explained
Acid salts are a class of
salts formed when a dibasic or tribasic
acid has been
neutralized to some degree. Because the acid is only partially neutrallized, one or more replaceable
protons remain. Typically this will lead to a formula with one or more metal ions, one or more protons, and an anion, such as
sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO
3),
sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS),
sodium bisulfate (NaHSO
4),
monosodium phosphate (NaH
2PO
4), and
disodium phosphate (Na
2HPO
4).
For example, in preparing
sodium sulfate (Na
2SO
4) a certain amount of
sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is needed to neutralize the
sulfuric acid (H
2SO
4) to produce this salt. When preparing
sodium bisulfate (NaHSO
4), half of the required amount of sodium hydroxide for neutralization is used.
Such compounds can act either as an acid or a
base: addition of an acid will restore protons, and addition of a base will consume protons. The actual
pH of a solution of an acid salt will depend on the equilibrium constants involved, and whether the anion is a better proton donor or proton acceptor. A comparison between the
Kb and
Ka will indicate this: if
Kb >
Ka, the solution will be basic, whereas if
Kb <
Ka, the solution will be acidic.
Use in food
Some acid salts are used in baking. They are found in baking powders and are typically divided into low-temperature (or single-acting) and high-temperature (or double-acting) acid salts. Common low-temperature acid salts react at room temperature to produce a leavening effect. They include
cream of tartar,
calcium phosphate, and
citrates. High-temperature acid salts produce a leavening effect during baking and are usually
aluminium salts such as
calcium aluminium phosphate. Some acid salts may also be found in
non-dairy coffee creamers.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Acid Salt'.
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